NFKB1 and osteoarthritis: Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated multiple biological activities of NCD (1): Immunosuppressive effects: by modulating NF-κB and other signaling pathways, NCD exerts anti-inflammatory effects in inflammatory diseases such as osteoarthritis (40), inflammatory bowel disease (41), and sepsis (42) (2); Direct antitumor effects: NCD has demonstrated the ability to inhibit the progression of multiple cancers, including—but not limited to—hepatocellular carcinoma (43–45) and ovarian cancer (46–48).