However, conflicting evidence emerged from European and Japanese cohorts: no significant OS benefit was observed for TBP in PD-L1-high (≥ 50%) NSCLC patients receiving pembrolizumab or advanced NSCLC populations, though inflammation-related biomarkers (e.g., CRP, ALI) correlated with survival in the latter (11, 12). This evidence concerns the gene CRP and non-small cell lung carcinoma.