In Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1 (SCA1), NF-κB inhibition in Purkinje cells exacerbated motor deficits by interfering with microglial proliferation and TNF-α production, emphasizing the nuanced role of TNF-α signaling in neuronal circuitry formation (Ferro et al., 2018). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is spinocerebellar ataxia type 1.