IL1B and Cognitive impairment: Intraperitoneal injection of high-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces systemic inflammation, causing behavioral alterations and cognitive impairment in mice [15], which coincides with microglial activation, elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β), and reduced anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) in the brain [16].