Furthermore, our data reveal that p62 also positively correlates with PD-L1, a well-established target of ICIs [2, 103], across several tumor types, reinforcing its role in maintaining an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and underscoring the therapeutic potential of targeting p62 as part of combined checkpoint inhibition strategies [2, 103]. The gene discussed is SQSTM1; the disease is neoplasm.