For example, future transcriptomic studies comparing LBD and PD could target regions where we contribution of gene expression variability on cortical reorganisation was highest (PLS1 weightings, Supplementary Fig. 8A); whilst layer 4 specific differential changes in LBD versus Alzheimer’s disease could target sensory areas and particularly the sensorimotor cortex which was also an area significantly downweighted in LBD (and thus correlated with reduced RORB expression and layer 4 thickness). Here, RORB is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.