The AD disease biomarkers glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2), measured in blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and translocator protein (TSPO) positron emission tomography (PET), an imaging marker, are associated primarily with innate immune responses.6, 7, 8. This evidence concerns the gene GFAP and Alzheimer disease.