POMC and classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency can produce neuropsychiatric manifestations through cortisol deficiency, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-driven hyperandrogenism, and the cumulative effects of long-term glucocorticoid therapy.