We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus for studies published January 2015-October 2025, using combinations of the following terms: perioperative, non-cardiac surgery, cardiac complications, myocardial infarction, MINS, troponin, NT-proBNP, risk stratification, RCRI, AUB-HAS2, beta-blocker, statin, and guideline. Here, NPPB is linked to myocardial infarction.