Although an activating mutation in the BRAF protein is often present, the malignant transformation from benign nevus to deadly melanoma requires dysregulation in other classic molecular pathways, such as the RB1/CDKN2A cell cycle pathway, the MDM2/TP53 apoptosis pathway, and the PI3K-AKT cell survival pathway [4]. The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is melanoma.