GLI2 and aortic valve insufficiency: For example, ~ 65% of individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome have a congenital heart defect (CHD) and ~ 67% have a palate abnormality.33,34 As another example, we noted that the predicted expression of GLI2’s (*165230) is significantly (p < 0.05) associated with many congenital heart defects (CHDs), such as congenital pulmonary valve stenosis (p = 0.0002), congenital malformations of heart valves (p = 0.0002), congenital insufficiency of the aortic valve (p = 0.0005), and ten others (Table 3).