SOCS1 and infection: In contrast, other work has shown that miR-181a/b-5p ameliorates inflammatory responses in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension by targeting PTEN–pSTAT5–SOCS1 axis55, and that miR-181a-5p delivered by adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes alleviates infection-induced lung injury through STAT3 signaling56.