CCL2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Several potential biomarkers for predicting CAD in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients have been identified, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), reactive oxygen species (ROS), protein kinase C, and nuclear factor-kB.