Interestingly, despite the general pro-inflammatory milieu associated with diabetes, IL-2 levels were consistently reduced in T1DM patients compared to controls at all status of periodontal disease (F (1, 179) = 29.09 and p < 0.0001), with statistically significant decrease in healthy and gingivitis groups (p = 0.0005 and p = 0002, respectively, Figure 2H). This evidence concerns the gene IL2 and diabetes mellitus.