IL17A and periodontitis: IL-17A, a cytokine with context-dependent pro- and anti-inflammatory functions, exhibited a nuanced expression pattern (F (1, 178) = 1.257, p = 0.04): decreased levels were observed in healthy and gingivitis diabetic individuals (p = 0.02 and p = 0.33, respectively), whereas a significant increase was detected in T1DM patients with periodontitis (p = 0.04, (Figure 2F).