TP53 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Numerous studies have documentedIQ impairment and carcinogenicity,specifically targeting the liver, lung, and gut in rodents. Research has shown that IQ is linked to p53 gene mutations in hepatocellular carcinomas, possiblycaused by IQ DNA adducts in the p53 gene. Genotoxic agents can damage DNA and result inmutations., In animal models, the genotoxichepatocarcinogen 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo­[4,5-f]­quinoxaline showedevidence of a practical threshold for its carcinogenicity.