In pathological conditions, amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau (key players in Alzheimer’s’ disease (AD)) induce TLR4 activation [23–37], while α-synuclein (a key player in Parkinson’s disease (PD)) induces TLR2 and TLR5 activation [38,39]. This evidence concerns the gene TLR5 and Alzheimer disease.