For example, there are synergistic effects of using non-specific inhibitors of aldehyde dehydrogenases and oxidative phosphorylation on chemotherapeutic effects on a variety of cancer cells [41], this is likely mediated through synergistic effects on mitochondrial functioning (e.g. ATP production) [42], and specific knock-down of ALDH3A2 reduced cell growth in leukemia cell lines [43]. The gene discussed is ALDH3A2; the disease is leukemia.