Similarly, homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), often caused by BRCA1 or BRCA2 loss, can promote tumor-intrinsic inflammation via STING and interferon (IFN) signaling and upregulate chemokines such as CCL5 and CXCL9, thereby enhancing immunogenicity and T cell inflammation6-10. Here, IFNA1 is linked to neoplasm.