PER3 and Alzheimer disease: Ubiquitin-like ligase binding genes (EGR2, TPI1, RTN4, HSP90AB1, ATP6V0C) linked NPTX2 to protein quality control and membrane regulation [50, 63–66], while negative contributors (TRIOBP, RHOBTB3, PER3, EGFR, PAX6) emerged as novel candidates with limited prior connection to AD [67, 68].