In addition to the finding that Akt was only detected by flow cytometry in nonpermeabilized cells following HSV but not HIV-1 exposure, the observation that alkyl-CIMSS enhanced HIV-1 infection when the cells were pretreated with the tool compound then washed suggests that a cell surface protein other than Akt, possibly a different kinase, is the direct target of alkyl-CIMSS. Here, AKT1 is linked to HIV-1 infection.