Rett syndrome (RTT) is caused by mutations in the X-linked gene encoding Methyl CpG Binding Protein 2 (MeCP2), a transcriptional regulator of both local and global gene expression patterns (Amir, Van den Veyver et al. 1999, Chahrour, Jung et al. 2008, Ben-Shachar, Chahrour et al. 2009). The gene discussed is MECP2; the disease is Rett syndrome.