The mitochondrial isoform of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-M) is upregulated in breast and lung cancer cells, and both its expression and activity are further enhanced under glucose-restricted conditions, contributing to the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis and enabling cancer cells to adapt to nutrient stress (Hsu et al., 2023).These mechanisms work together to reprogram glucose metabolism in cancer, meeting the energy needs of fast-growing, invasive, and metastatic cells. This evidence concerns the gene PCK2 and cancer.