CD8A and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Recent studies revealed that CT-based radiomic signatures could reflect tumor microenvironment characteristics (e.g., CD8+ T-cell infiltration (8)) and predict progression-free survival (PFS) with AUCs of 0.71-0.79 (9, 10).By extracting quantitative radiomics features from patient CT images and computing the radiomics signature, combined with selecting predictive clinical indicators from patient medical records, we developed and validated a Combined Forecasting Model (CFM) to predict treatment response to immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.