Notably, recent preclinical studies on anti-HDGF antibodies have provided robust support for our conclusion that “HDGF is an important therapeutic target.” Research has demonstrated that in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) xenograft models, HDGF-specific monoclonal antibodies (such as HDGF-C1 and HDGF-H3) significantly inhibit tumor growth. Here, HDGF is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.