The success of AM supplementation in treating multiple diseases in mouse models (Everard et al., 2013; Zhao et al., 2017; Wu et al., 2017; Depommier et al., 2020; Qu et al., 2021; Bian et al., 2019) has led to two clinical trials in overweight/obese insulin-resistant individuals (Depommier et al., 2019) and patients with overweight/obese type 2 diabetes (Zhang et al., 2025). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.