To evaluate the importance of adenosine-A2AR-HO-1 signaling on parasite survival, L. donovani-infected BALB/c mice (n = 5) were administered intraperitoneally (i.p.)with various doses of ST1535 (1, 1.5, and 2 mg/kg body weight/day) (39) up to 4 weeks at 3-day intervals starting at 11 days post-infection (Fig. 6A). Here, HMOX1 is linked to infection.