Clinically, the autogene cevumeran (BNT122) mRNA-lipoplex vaccine demonstrated that individualized neoantigen delivery can elicit durable, tissue-resident CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells and prolong recurrence-free survival in resected PDAC, marking a breakthrough in restoring adaptive immunity to an otherwise "cold" tumor. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is neoplasm.