KLK3 and cancer: Compared to DRE (AUC 0.55 [CI95% 0.54, 0.56]), PSA (AUC 0.63 [CI95% 0.60, 0.64], p < 0.001), and PSAD (AUC 0.73 [CI95% 0.71, 0.74], p < 0.001) showed better cancer prediction performance for csPCa in ROC analysis (Fig. 1).