The subcellular localization of RRN3 in the tumor xenografts were verified by IF staining (Fig. 7G), which confirmed that the nuclear plasma-localized RRN3S199D induced a higher level of autophagy, as evidenced by both LC3 IF and OPTN IHC analyses (Fig. 7H, I, Supplementary Fig. 8G, H). Here, MAP1LC3A is linked to neoplasm.