GFAP and diabetes mellitus: Based on raw P values, diabetes was associated with slightly higher concentrations of pTau-181 and hypertension was associated with lower concentrations of GFAP; however, these associations were not robust to controlling the false discovery rate (FDR) (d = 0.14; 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.23; P = .05 for diabetes with pTau-181; and d = −0.09; 95% CI, –0.16 to –0.02; P = .14 for hypertension with GFAP) (eTable 5 in Supplement 1).