CD40LG and ancylostomiasis: Coinfected hamsters showed distinct transcriptional signatures in the lungs by day 6, including the upregulation of ATF5, IGHM, and JCHAIN, which together with the increase in memory B cells, suggest that prior hookworm infection may enhance B cell-mediated immunity and secretory IgM/IgA pathways in the lungs, to rapidly clear the virus.