The neuroendocrine markers chromogranin A (CHGA) and synaptophysin (SYP) were highly expressed in SCLC-A and SCLC-N, whereas RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST), a repressor of neuroendocrine differentiation, was elevated in SCLC-P and SCLC-I (39). This evidence concerns the gene CHGA and small cell lung carcinoma.