TNF and Renal insufficiency: A study also suggested that ozone therapy may help improve chronic renal tubular interstitial inflammation in rats; the results revealed that ozone therapy alleviated severe renal insufficiency and systemic electrolyte disorder, accompanied by a reduction in inflammation-related cytokines, including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 [20].