NRP-1-mediated transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling promotes amplification of the anti-inflammatory genes, thereby restricting glioma-specific immunity (Nissen et al., 2013; Friese et al., 2004; Uhl et al., 2004; Andersen et al., 2021). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is central nervous system cancer.