Using methods including immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting, and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), a study by Zhang et al. (120) found that Saccharomyces boulardii (SB) exerts a protective effect against NEC through the SIRT1/NF-κB pathway. This evidence concerns the gene SIRT1 and necrotizing enterocolitis.