qPCR/WB validated RRAS upregulation and downregulation of BECN1, MFN1, HIF1A and TAX1BP1 in PAH lungs, while immunofluorescence showed enhanced iNOS/LC3 co-localization (R = 0.63), indicating inflammatory-autophagy crosstalk (de Lavera et al., 2017). Here, BECN1 is linked to pulmonary arterial hypertension.