Nine plasma proteins were associated with MRI-cSVD (PFDR < 0.05; WMH: 6, WM-PVS: 2, HIP-PVS: 1) of which four were also significantly associated in CSF (AMD, erythropoietin (EPO; WMH), paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor alpha (PILRA)-M14 and PILRA-deltaTM (WM-PVS); Fig. 2c,d and Supplementary Tables 4 and 5). This evidence concerns the gene EPO and age-related macular degeneration.