In the European ancestries samples, when accounting for age, gender, education, poverty, APOE-ε4, subjective social status, and genetic principal components in Cox models; neighborhood safety, trust, friendliness, cleanliness, vandalism, and belonging were all individually associated with higher risk of any cognitive impairment, CIND, and dementia in the European ancestries sample (S5 Table). Here, APOE is linked to Cognitive impairment.