The original spatial transcriptomics data used in this study can be accessed through the following links: (1) HER2+ dataset [https://github.com/almaan/her2st/]; (2) cSCC dataset [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE144240]; (3) breast cancer spatial transcriptomics [https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/29ntw7sh4r/5]; (4) liver cancer spatial transcriptomics [https://www.10xgenomics.com/platforms/visium]; (5) PAAD dataset [https://github.com/mahmoodlab/hest/]. This evidence concerns the gene ERBB2 and breast carcinoma.