FAS and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: For example, Lactobacillus plantarum LG42 reduced hepatic triglycerides and SREBP-1c levels in obese mice (Park et al., 2014), while Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ameliorated NAFLD by downregulating SREBP-1c protein expression and FAS activity, and reducing host intestinal fatty acid absorption (Arellano-García et al., 2025).