INS and prediabetes syndrome: One BWD-associated chromosomal region (1p31) could be detected in their quantitative analyses, involving a metabolism-related gene, the crystallin zeta gene coding for a NADPH-dependent quinone reductase, which was previously associated with resisting hormone levels in a genome-wide association study [90], and subsequently linked with insulin resistance (an important metabolic marker of prediabetes, showing the reduced sensitivity to insulin in the fat and muscle tissues).