BAX and breast carcinoma: Green-synthesized ZnONPs, using plant extracts like Rhus coriaria or Rubus fairholmianus, have demonstrated selective cytotoxicity against triple-negative (MDA-MB-231) and hormone receptor-positive (MCF-7, T-47D) breast cancer cells via ROS-mediated apoptosis and modulation of apoptotic genes (e.g., BCL2-associated protein X (Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)) [20,21].