Despite the positive effects of physical activity and exercise on physical and mental health, Vancampfort and colleagues point out that participation in physical activity by PLHIV is determined by a number of complex factors, ranging from advanced age, lower educational levels, lower concentration of CD4 cell count, exposure to antiretroviral drugs, presence of lipodystrophy, presence of pain, depression, and opportunistic infections (Vancampfort et al., 2018). Here, CD4 is linked to depressive symptom measurement.