Further, despite our study design not consequently focusing on multi-foci sampling, the APC signature displayed relatively low intra-patient variability for most of the patients in our own multi-sample and partly multi-foci bulk data (Supplementary Fig. 10c), suggesting that using spatial data might alleviate the typically challenging heterogeneity in multifocal PCa for biomarker development85. This evidence concerns the gene APC and posterior cortical atrophy.