In contrast, autoantibodies associated with lung involvement were more common in the ILD group, including anti-MDA5 (53.1% vs. 25.5%, p = 0.002), anti-ARS antibodies (33.7% vs. 6.4%, p < 0.001), and anti-Ro52 (63.3% vs. 27.7%, p < 0.001). Here, IFIH1 is linked to interstitial lung disease.