Mechanistically, NSUN2 catalyzes m5C modification on the 3’UTR of FSP1 (ferroptosis suppressor protein 1) mRNA, allowing recognition and stabilization by the m5C reader YBX1, which inhibits lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage, protecting AML cells from ferroptotic stress. Here, NSUN2 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.