Several studies indicate that inhibiting activation of NLRP3 inflammasome promoted the polarization of macrophages from the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, thereby mitigating many inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory root resorption (Zhang et al., 2020) and inflammation following peripheral nerve injury (PNI) (Sun et al., 2024). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is peripheral nerve injury.