Second, to verify the regulatory role of intestinal M1/M2 macrophage polarization via the PPARγ/STAT‐1/STAT‐6 pathway, six groups were established: the sham, IBD, IBD + OA‐rich EN, IBD + OA‐rich EN with intraperitoneal injections of IFNγ, AS1517499, or SR202. This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and inflammatory bowel disease.