DSS treatment significantly inhibited PPARγ, promoted STAT‐1 phosphorylation, inhibited STAT‐6 phosphorylation, increased iNOS expression, and decreased the expression of Arg‐1, Fizz 1, and Ym 1, suggesting that IBD promoted the polarization of macrophages toward the M1 type via the PPARγ/STAT‐1/STAT‐6 pathway. This evidence concerns the gene STAT1 and inflammatory bowel disease.