CTLA4 and neoplasm: In a representative example, Phung et al. developed a hybrid system wherein OVA‐pulsed DEX were surface‐functionalized with anti‐CTLA‐4 antibodies via post‐insertion of DPPE‐PEG–linked immunoglobulins.[125] This design significantly enhanced antigen‐specific T cell priming in tumor‐draining lymph nodes, demonstrating how combinatorial membrane engineering can augment endogenous MHC presentation.