ATG12 and neoplasm: Results showed that mRNA levels of muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligases, MAFbx (gene name: Fbxo32), MuRF1 (gene name: Trim63), and MUSA1 (gene name: Fbxo30) and autophagy-related molecules, Beclin1 (gene name: Becn1), LC3B (gene name: Map1lc3b), and Atg12 were significantly increased in the gastrocnemius (GA) muscle of KPC tumor-bearing mice compared to control mice (Fig. 1D).